1. Kidney Stone

Hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys and can cause pain as they move through the urinary tract. 

Common Signs: 

  • Severe flank or lower back pain 
  • Blood in urine 
  • Painful or frequent urination 
  • Nausea in more severe episodes 
  1. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): 

A bacterial infection affects any part of the urinary system, from the bladder to the kidneys. 

Common Signs 

  • Burning sensation while urinating 
  • Frequent urge to urinate 
  • Cloudy or strong-smelling urine 
  • Lower abdominal discomfort 
  1. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) 

Non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, common in older men, that can obstruct urine flow. 

Common Signs 

  • Weak or interrupted urine stream 
  • Frequent night-time urination 
  • Difficulty starting urination 
  1. Urinary Incontinence 

Involuntary leakage of urine, ranging from occasional leaks to a complete inability to control urination. 

Common Signs 

  • Leakage during coughing, sneezing or exertion 
  • Sudden, strong urges to urinate 
  • Difficulty controlling bladder function